100 Years Ago... Melbourne Footage from 1910
Have you ever wondered what Melbourne looked like 100 years ago? The following clip comes from a silent documentary first screened on November 22, 1910. Quaintly titled Marvellous Melbourne: Queen City of the South, the film is the oldest complete documentary about Melbourne still in existence and comprises footage from a series of earlier films of Melbourne produced by Cozens Spencer and shot by Ernest Higgins. Opening with a cable tram ride over Princes Bridge towards the city, it takes us along Swanston Street, showing Flinders Street Station on the left and St Paul's Cathedral on the right. Melbourne's cable trams began running in 1885 and, by the time of filming, the network was already the fourth largest system in the world.
The producer of the film, Cozens Spencer, is one of the most significant characters in Melbourne's film history. He was passionate about bringing footage of Australian life to Australian cinemas, saying "a film showman in almost every country in the world must have at least a fair proportion of films made in the country in which he is in business. Patrons insist on it. They want to see in the pictures something of their own people and their own country. So showmen have to frame their programmes accordingly. Why should not Australian showmen have Australian films?" Like Cozens Spencer, I also think it is important to see something of ourselves in film, perhaps especially so when it comes to our history. We are inundated with historic images of Europe and America, but are too often unaware of the fascinating footage that exists of our very own Melbourne!
For more footage of Melbourne's past, see Melbourne Today (1931) (with sound).
References
Buckley, Anthony, 'The Man who Met Raymond Longford', Inaugural Longford Lycell Lecture, presented May 12, 2001
De Souza, Poppy, 'Marvellous Melbourne: Queen City of the South' (curator's notes), australianscreen (accessed at: http://aso.gov.au/ )
Melbourne Curious article published in the ACCI magazine 2010
I was recently asked to write an article by the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI) for the Spring 2010 edition of their magazine. In the article, I argue for a prime ministerial residence in Melbourne, like that of Kirribilli House in Sydney and the Lodge in Canberra. I suggest a number of beautiful heritage buildings in Melbourne that would be perfect for the role. The article can be accessed here (pp 22-23). If you would like to request an article, please email me at gillian.melbournecurious@gmail.com.
Rediscovering Little Lon
Previously, I introduced Little Lon, a notorious slum and red-light district, which existed in Melbourne from around 1840 to 1948. Despite its reputation as a “den of iniquity,” the area was also home to a vibrant community and network of buzzing laneways. Today Little Lon no longer exists; its laneways and cottages have been subsumed by modern redevelopments and its community has long moved on. Despite this, there are a number of ways we can rediscover Little Lon so that our connection with this unique part of Melbourne's history is not lost forever.
17 Casselden Place
Stumbling upon 17 Casselden Place is like being jolted back in time. One moment you are in 2010, surrounded by modern office buildings and city workers carrying iPads and take-away coffees. The next moment, you are faced with an unexpected glimpse into Melbourne's past - a tiny, redbrick cottage dating back to 1877. The cottage, known as 17 Casselden Place, is the last of a terrace of six identical homes built by John Casselden, a shoemaker and small-time developer. Whereas the other cottages have been demolished, 17 Casselden Place provides a rare and treasured glimpse into what life would have been like in the days of Little Lon.
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| Stepping back in time: Casselden Place, 2010 (my own pic) |
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| 17 Casselden Place, 2010 (my own pic) |
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| Row of cottages at Casselden Place (all but one are now demolished), 1950 (pic: SLV) |
Covering only 53 square metres, the cottage comprises two tiny rooms and an outside toilet, revealing just how cramped life must have been, especially with the large families that were typical of the era! It is not possible to view the inside of the cottage today as it now an architect's office. However, for a virtual tour of the interior (prior to its conversion into an office), click here.
The Urban Workshop
Books
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| The Urban Workshop, 2010 (my own pic) |
Located at 50 Lonsdale Street, the Urban Workshop is a 34-storey office tower built on the site of Little Lon in 2005. The ground floor of the Urban Workshop aims to remember, reinterpret and give new life to Little Lon: the laneways lost to title consolidation in the mid-20th century have been returned to the city as pedestrian thoroughfares passing through the foyer; and the project connects Lonsdale and Little Lonsdale Streets with the reinstatement of Little Leichardt Street. While it would be ideal to have the original laneways and buildings of Little Lon still in existence, the Urban Workshop offers an innovative and stylish tribute to Melbourne's past. (It may be worthwhile noting that the construction of the tower took place 50 years after Little Lon had already vanished, and was not the instigator of its demolition!)
There have been two major-scale archaeological excavations of the Little Lon site prior to redevelopments. While most of the artefacts are held by Museum Victoria, the foyer of the Urban Workshop displays a fascinating selection of items from the 2002 dig. This is one of the most simply and beautifully executed exhibitions that I have seen anywhere in the world!
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| Artefacts exhibition in foyer of the Urban Workshop, 2010 (my own pics here and below) |
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The former Black Eagle Hotel is another important feature showcased beautifully by the Urban Workshop. Built back in 1850, it is one of Melbourne's oldest surviving buildings. Today it is used as a giftware shop, but since its construction it has also been a boarding house, Chinese furniture factory and a printing business. I love how the Urban Workshop seamlessly incorporates the building into its foyer. The use of glass mitigates the extent to which the modern tower may detract from the old-world beauty of the Black Eagle building.
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| Former Black Eagle Hotel at the Lonsdale Street entrance of the Urban Workshop, 2010 (my own pic) |
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| Back of the former Black Eagle Hotel, incorporated into the foyer, 2010 (my own pic) |
Finally, Madame Brussels is remembered with the inclusion of a laneway named in her honour. It seems entirely appropriate that a tribute to Little Lon should include Madame Brussels as she owned eight of the precinct's brothels and she is undoubtedly one of the most notorious inhabitants of the area! Unfortunately, the spelling is wrong: it should be Madame Brussels, not Brussells, as appears on the signposts and Urban Workshop website. I wonder why this was never checked!
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| Madame "Brussells" Lane |
Books
A number of interesting books also illustrate what life would have been like in Little Lon. John Leckey's Low Degraded Broots? Industry and Entrepreneurialism in Melbourne's Little Lon, 1860-1940 (2004) and Annie Hider's Growing Up in Little Lon both provide an interesting historical account of life in Little Lon. Furthermore, Chrissie Michaels' new novel, In Lonnie's Shadow (2010), is set in Casselden and Cumberland Place in 1891. For more information about the novel and its author, click here.
So, despite Little Lon having vanished a long time ago, there are still a number of ways to get a sense of this unique and fascinating part of Melbourne's history. The next time you are around the top of Lonsdale Street, I would really recommend having a quick look at 17 Casselden Place and the foyer of the Urban Workshop. If you have already visited the precinct, I would love to hear your thoughts! If you have a suggestion for a future post, please feel free to comment or email me.
References
Bate, Weston, Essential But Unplanned: The Story of Melbourne's Lanes (1994)
Hider, Annie, Growing up in the City (interview with Marie Hayes):
Leckey, John, Low, Degraded Broots? Industry and Entrepreneurialism in Melbourne's Little Lon, 1860-1940 (2004)
www.emelbourne.com.au
www.museumvictoria.com.au
http://www.50lonsdalestreet.com.au/Core/Splash/50Lonsdale.aspx
http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/heritage/projects-and-programs/heritage_stories/Archaeology/casselden-place/about-the-dig
https://www.gbca.org.au/greenstar-projects/project-profile.asp?projectID=547
http://museumvictoria.com.au/littlelons/grow.html
http://sites.google.com/site/chrissiemichaelsorg/
Melbourne 'Then and Now' Video
Excellent video clip that morphs images of Melbourne's past with its present. I particularly love the shots of Elizabeth Street (1:13), Southern Cross Station (1:40) and the dramatic Back to the Future soundtrack! Thanks to Mary for sending me the link.
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